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Solving the problem of "innovation" depends on "new look"

Sep 6th 22

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Solving the problem of "innovation" depends on "new look"

Shahab Jawanmardi, CEO of Fanap Holding According to estimates by the International Monetary Fund, the Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the global economy, and the total cost is likely to exceed US$12.5 trillion. On the other hand, this crisis has caused huge changes in people's life model and the acceptance of new innovations in the business field. Policymakers and governments hope to be able to take advantage of these conditions to support innovative businesses and improve the economic climate of their countries. In this regard, different governments have taken several approaches in the development of the innovation ecosystem, which we will discuss. The first approach is to take steps to create the next Silicon Valleys. The development of specialized technology areas and centers with the approach of supporting innovation-based businesses is very important, and many governments have tried to create these special areas by establishing public research institutes, creating science and technology parks, or providing financial incentives, etc., but in the surveys Finally, it is clear that few of these efforts have been successful, and that has an obvious reason, which is the very high cost of carrying out these projects and at the same time, the long time for these efforts to come to fruition, which is beyond the patience and time of the governments, and with the change Governments or changing their approach, these projects experience a lot of turbulence. Another approach of governments is to create an innovative and entrepreneurial environment by promoting lifestyle, culture and public welfare. This approach seeks to create a public space in society for innovation, and the development of innovative products and services. Although this approach aims to develop innovative businesses, it sometimes turns countries into consumer markets for foreign innovative products that are offered at a low price and with higher quality, and domestic innovative businesses are unable to compete with them and are eliminated. Another approach to developing innovation is to increase new specialized knowledge and develop special skills. Although the ego of this work is pleasant, but when the public welfare is not provided according to the expected level of skilled labor, specialized people migrate after acquiring specialized knowledge and necessary experience; Even if the governments keep them in prison with heavy obligations, they still migrate, but not physically but for business! They are at work in their own country but they work as freelancers for business projects abroad and in practice governments fail to fulfill their purpose; Therefore, the development of specialized skills will not lead to the development of innovation without creating local business opportunities and creating a minimum level of well-being for specialized people. The approach of other governments is the special mission-based approach, which is formulated in accordance with the budget and skills of the private and public sector to deal with the medium-term to long-term challenges of the government. The most famous example of this approach is the United States government's "Moon Trip" mission in 1961, which was defined as the mission to send a person to the moon and return that person by 1970. NASA had funding for this mission in three different governments, and in the process several new technologies and products were developed. From that date, this approach was set as a model for the governments and the macro missions were defined by the governments. From national macro goals and regional sustainable development goals to making vaccines to save humanity in global epidemics. The Achilles heel of these missions is the formulation of vague goals and non-specialist project management that do not provide the governments with an accurate assessment of the roadmap, budget, and requirements of that mission, and this process causes the definition of many projects that are involved in budget shortages in all governments. and an exact vision for the end of the project cannot be imagined. Another approach of governments in strengthening innovation is increasing funding for research and development of universities and other research institutions and allocating numerous and diverse facilities for the commercialization of new technologies. However, the relationship between increased financial aid and the development of innovation is complex. Obviously, as countries become more advanced, innovation costs can become more efficient. On the other hand, in most cases, the initial achievements in the development of new technologies are associated with costly and risky processes, and the government needs to have a different look at venture capital and not limit its support umbrella to financial facilities, and comprehensive support for businesses. to do; In the absence of this view, innovative businesses end their work inside the country and take on the guise of immigration by bearing heavy financial costs. So what is the solution? Why has innovation become a complex issue for governments and every effort to support and develop it does not achieve the desired result? How can a government adopt an approach that achieves a more favorable outcome in the development of innovation? The answer to this question can be summed up in just one sentence, and that is a "new look" to the field of innovation, and the definition and formulation of a governance model to form and stabilize it is a "new look" in the government. This governance model can be the "Good Governance" model. The term "good governance" is used synonymously with the word government in the Oxford Dictionary, but during the 1980s, political thinkers used the term to distinguish it from the state and to refer to a much broader concept that is the product of the three institutions of government, society, and society. Civil and private sector is essential for the formation of sustainable human development process. The government shapes the political and legal environment, the civil society creates the political and social interaction of the members of the society, and the private sector aims to create a dynamic business environment and create employment and financial empowerment of people. The first principle in governance theory is that only the people of a country can write a prescription for the development of that country, and no prescription will be useful without taking into account the local, historical and social conditions of the society; On the other hand, in the experience of other countries, the downsizing of the government in the approach to governance and changing the approach from public management to public governance has contributed greatly to empowering the government institution and illustrated the "good governance" model. The indicators of the "good governance" model are: human dignity, responsibility, accountability, monitoring and controllability, security, justice-oriented, equality and participation. According to the latest definition of the World Bank, the quality of the "good governance" model with the degree of adoption of predictable and explicit government policies, transparent administrative and political decisions, accountability of agents, accountability of executive bodies for their actions, active participation of citizens and equality of all citizens against The law is measured. The components of good governance can be analyzed in the framework of the main duties of the government and in two parts. First, there are duties related to regulation (creating a legal system, legality and economic discipline) and then duties related to promotion and generalization (providing needs). The most important strategic priority in the field of regulatory duties is the rule of law, which is defined in contrast to the rule of the will of individuals. In order to achieve this purpose, factors such as the level of strategic attitude in solving national issues, the necessary foundation for citizens' participation in the decision-making process, decision-making and its implementation, transparency in the functioning of the governance structure, and the responsibility and accountability of those in charge must be evaluated and corrected. In this regard, the basic action is to establish clear and explicit laws and regulations and demystify the business environment. If the laws are dumb, inadequate and complicated and each can be interpreted according to the taste and opinion of the relevant executive, we cannot hope that such laws will solve the problems in the business field. To solve this challenge, it is possible to use independent trade unions and non-governmental organizations to examine the legal and legal challenges in the field of innovation and formulate the requirements needed for the continuation of innovative businesses. After compiling and adjusting the documents, and before approving them in the form of a proposal, it is good to publish them in the specialized media so that the experts and active businesses in that field can determine the challenges of the above requirements with the executive and operational coordinates of the business environment by carefully examining the said documents. To reach a general consensus about the documents. With such a process, the regulations and requirements of the field will reach the point of relative maturity and these documents will have the collective opinion and approval of the trade union. On the other hand, there is a need for the ruler to be committed to the framework of "deregulation" and to reduce the hierarchical presence of the government, and always consider the minimum level for the establishment of laws and regulations. Also, to have a "transnational and global" approach in establishing laws and regulations. Many of the basic rules of modern regulatory practices, as well as the authority to apply those rules, are defined outside the scope of "territorial authority". The connection of banking and media systems, along with international judicial and security agreements and in the global environment of communication technology, has put governments in front of the challenge that if they do not cooperate with each other and impose large cross-border laws and regulations, the ground for the development of illegal businesses and criminal activities will be provided and governments will be forced to allocate a lot of funds to identify and reduce the damages caused by these criminal acts. The strategic priority of governments, in the area of ​​duties related to promotion and generalization, is to create a formative framework for the country's innovation ecosystem, which is formed with the participation of all stakeholders in the field of innovation, including private and public institutions and real individuals with ideas and ideas. In this framework, a roadmap for the formation of innovative business in various business fields and its growth to the maturity stage has been developed with the participation of all stakeholders, and the challenges and obstacles to growth have been identified and, using collective wisdom, specific solutions with precise qualitative and quantitative indicators have been developed. will be compiled. After developing the solutions, this framework should be approved as a special mission with high priority in the government and the necessary budgets should be allocated to it, and the duties of all institutions and stakeholders should be communicated to them. After the notification, a working group consisting of all the stakeholders of the country's innovation ecosystem will observe and monitor the determined qualitative and quantitative indicators in specific time frames and inform the public about the status of the indicators in a transparent manner. Public information causes any deviation from the achievement of the formulated goals to be identified in the shortest possible time and the officials of that area, while using the collective intelligence, about the reasons for the occurrence of the responsible deviation, and to put the said deviation in their agenda in the shortest possible time. . With this approach, an important part of the indicators of the "good governance" model is realized, and governments can hope for the development of innovation in the country. On the other hand, the main result of this model is the development of a hopeful view in the innovation ecosystem of the countries and it will increase the enthusiasm of experts and skilled people to create and develop innovative businesses inside the country.